The Unique Connection Between Humans and Animals
The bond between humans and their pets is often described as special, and for good reason. But what makes this connection so unique? “It’s special because it’s established with a living being that doesn’t judge people, doesn’t demand too much, and, moreover, loves unconditionally,” summarizes psychologist Félix Zaragoza, also a professor of Ethology at the Veterinary Faculty of Alfonso X El Sabio University in Madrid.
“Affective bonds with pets enrich the quality of life, and most people with pets consider them as members of their family,” adds this expert. This is confirmed by the II Scientific Study of the Bond between People and Companion Animals by the Affinity Foundation, carried out by researchers Jaume Fatjó and Paula Calvo. A whopping 76% of those surveyed in this study believe that an animal should be treated with the same respect as any family member. Likewise, 70% of those interviewed claim to communicate with their pet and that there is an understanding between them, and 31% consider their animal more important than any of their friends.
Understanding the Connection
Jaume Fatjó, the person responsible for this study, points out in statements to EL PAÍS that there are several factors that influence the development of the special relationship between people and animals that live together: “All humans have the universal capacity as a species to recognize in animals feelings, emotions, and cognitive abilities similar to those that we experience.” On the other hand, animals have the ability to awaken our empathy. “They possess characteristics and behaviors that seem to activate our bonding and caring mechanisms. An example is the existence in dogs of a small muscle, the levator anguli oculis medialis, which their close relatives, wolves, do not have, and which gives them the ability to put on a sweet and endearing expression,” explains the veterinarian as well. “We can say that dogs hijack, in a good sense, human bonding and care mechanisms,” this expert clarifies.
Companionship and Emotional Support
Companion animals are a source of social support. Just as people have networks, such as family or friends, to rely on in difficult situations—for example, illnesses—animals also fulfill this role of support. “It is an important factor for the emotional and physical well-being of individuals, which cushions the negative effects of stress and promotes healthy behaviors,” the specialist continues. Fatjó also highlights other aspects of the bond: “They are always available, you can do activities with them, such as walking; they can be confidants of thoughts and worries, and by taking care of them, we feel useful and valued.”
The Science Behind the Bond
Living with pets creates a sense of calm. “This relationship moderates stress, such as when petting and holding the animal, as relaxation occurs,” explains Zaragoza. The ethologist mentions other positive aspects of living with pets associated with improving social relationships: “They are an unconditional socio-affective support and become facilitators of social interactions, so their presence helps to reduce feelings of isolation and loneliness.”
Nurturing the Bond
But what ingredients make up the formula for a unique and special relationship to flourish with the animals we live with? “Every bond of affection and attachment is based on positive and safe interactions, such as walking, playing, or dedicating enough time to be with the animal in a calm, relaxed, and satisfying context, so that they feel loved,” describes Helena-Bat, a psychologist specializing in ethology and animal welfare.
Respect and Understanding
Owners of animals can do their part to foster the creation of harmonious coexistence that provides well-being. “It is advisable to have some rules of coexistence so that both parties know how to relate or what is allowed and what is not, and for this, it is necessary to know how the animal communicates. For example, if a dog or cat licks its nose when we approach, it means it needs its space,” the ethologist highlights. She also emphasizes the importance of respect in the relationship with animals: “It is enough to have a minimum of empathy, for example, not disturbing someone who is sleeping. It is a basic rule of coexistence to have healthy relationships.”